USE OF VARIATION PEROXIDASE IN EVALUATION OF DROUGHT RESISTANT SPRING WHEAT

Abstract

The use of physiological techniques in practical breeding wheat productivity and resistance to unfavorable environmental factors is important. This problem has not been adequately studied. Mechanisms of drought resistance in modern plant breeding are divided into mechanisms of «avoidance» drought (earliness, short growing season), «evasion» by drought (reducing transpiration surface, more developed root system) and the actual resistance to drought (osmotic regulation). Currently, the selection of wheat, mainly aimed at creating new forms and genotypes can evade drought. Necessary technique allows selection of drought-resistant forms in the early stages of plant development. The researchers found that the drought-tolerant wheat genotypes have high activity of peroxidase, which can serve as a protein marker of stress. The study of antioxidant enzymes (what is peroxidase) is essential for the selection of drought-resistant wheat lines. Our studies have shown that the hydrothermal stress entails a significant change in the composition of peroxidase isozyme. Electrophoregrams analysis shows that in the vegetative organs of the studied varieties of spring wheat in the conditions of hydrothermal stress heterogeneity peroxidase isozyme spectrum increases substantially, which is evidence of the adaptive adjustment of the redox system related to the adaptation of plants to life in conditions of temperature and water stress. Moreover, the most significant transformation under the influence of drought undergone peroxidase wheat varieties Kinelsky 59, this is manifested in the appearance of isozyme spectrum in four new components - A8; B33, C71; C80. Which resulted in a high drought-resistant varieties. Just a biochemical reaction studied the response of different drought-resistant varieties of spring wheat on hydrothermal stress. Proven quantitative and qualitative variability of peroxidase enzyme in the vegetative organs (leaves) plants under drought conditions. The degree of activation of peroxidase and its qualitative variability, along with other indicator should be used for comparative evaluation of drought resistance and breeding of new varieties of spring wheat samples